# 建立坐標軸,圖片的大小,x軸y軸之範圍 (python 程式碼)

# 建立坐標軸,圖片的大小,x軸y軸之範圍

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(4,4),dpi=80)
ax = plt.gca()  
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data',0))
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data',0))
plt.xlim(-10, 10)
plt.ylim(-10, 10)

plt.show()

H-樹

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(5,5),dpi=80)

def F(x0,y0,r,a):  #定義遞迴程式

    if r <1 :return

    x1=x0+r*np.cos(a) ; y1=y0+r*np.sin(a)

    X=[x0,x1]

    Y=[y0,y1]

    plt.plot(X,Y,color="blue",linewidth=1)  #畫線

    F(x1,y1,0.7*r,a-pi/2)

    F(x1,y1,0.7*r,a+pi/2)

#以下內容為主程式

pi=3.14159              #圓周率

(x0,y0,r,a)=(0,0,15,pi/2)  #(基準點之x,y坐標,長度,方向角)

F(x0,y0,r,a)

F(x0,y0,r,a+pi)

plt.show()

遞迴~(樹)

 import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(5,5),dpi=80)

def F(x0,y0,r,a):  #定義遞迴程式

    if r <1 :return

    x1=x0+r*np.cos(a) ; y1=y0+r*np.sin(a)

    X=[x0,x1]

    Y=[y0,y1]

    plt.plot(X,Y,color="blue",linewidth=2)  #畫線

    F(x1,y1,0.5*r,a-pi/3)

    F(x1,y1,0.6*r,a+pi/3)

#以下內容為主程式

pi=3.14159              #圓周率

(x0,y0,r,a)=(0,0,200,pi/2)  #(基準點之x,y坐標,長度,方向角)

F(x0,y0,r,a)

plt.show()

迷宮

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import random

plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=80)

def F(x0,y0,n):  #定義遞迴程式

    if n<1:return

    x1=x0+2**(n-1)  ;y1=y0

    x2=x0+2**n      ;y2=y0

    x3=x0           ;y3=y0+2**(n-1)

    x4=x1           ;y4=y3

    x5=x2           ;y5=y3

    x6=x0           ;y6=y0+2**n

    x7=x1           ;y7=y6

    x8=x2           ;y8=y6

    A=random.sample(bag,4)

    if A[0]==0:

        plt.plot([x3,x4],[y3,y4],color="green",linewidth=2)

    if A[1]==0:

        plt.plot([x4,x5],[y4,y5],color="green",linewidth=2)

    if A[2]==0:

        plt.plot([x1,x4],[y1,y4],color="green",linewidth=2)

    if A[3]==0:

        plt.plot([x4,x7],[y4,y7],color="green",linewidth=2)

    if A[0]==1:

        a=random.randint(x3,x4-1)

        plt.plot([x3,a],[y3,y3],color="green",linewidth=2)

        plt.plot([a+1,x4],[y3,y4],color="green",linewidth=2)

    if A[1]==1:

        a=random.randint(x4,x5-1)

        plt.plot([x4,a],[y4,y4],color="green",linewidth=2)

        plt.plot([a+1,x5],[y4,y5],color="green",linewidth=2)

    if A[2]==1:

        a=random.randint(y1,y4-1)

        plt.plot([x1,x1],[y1,a],color="green",linewidth=2)

        plt.plot([x1,x4],[a+1,y4],color="green",linewidth=2)

    if A[3]==1:

        a=random.randint(y4,y7-1)

        plt.plot([x4,x4],[y4,a],color="green",linewidth=2)

        plt.plot([x4,x7],[a+1,y7],color="green",linewidth=2)

    

    F(x0,y0,n-1)

    F(x1,y1,n-1)

    F(x3,y3,n-1)

    F(x4,y4,n-1)

#以下內容為主程式

(x0,y0,n)=(0,0,5)  # n:2~5 

bag=[1,1,1,0]    #

F(x0,y0,n)

plt.plot([x0+1,x0+2**n,x0+2**n],[y0,y0,y0+2**n],color="blue",linewidth=5)

plt.plot([x0,x0,x0+2**n-1],[y0,y0+2**n,y0+2**n],color="blue",linewidth=5)

plt.plot(0.5,0,marker="D",color="red")

plt.plot(2**n-0.5,2**n,marker="D",color="red")

plt.text(0,-3,"START", fontsize=20)

plt.text(2**n-1,2**n+1,"END", fontsize=20)

plt.ylim(-5,2**n+5)              #設定 y 軸的範圍

plt.show()

(謝爾賓斯基正方形)

 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(5,5),dpi=80)

def F(x1,y1,r):  #定義遞迴程式

    if(r<9) :return

    (x2,y2)=(x1+r/3,y1)

    (x3,y3)=(x2+r/3,y1)

    (x4,y4)=(x1,y1+r/3)

    (x5,y5)=(x4+r/3,y4)

    (x6,y6)=(x5+r/3,y4)

    (x7,y7)=(x1,y4+r/3)

    (x8,y8)=(x7+r/3,y7)

    (x9,y9)=(x8+r/3,y7)

    X=[x5,x6,x9,x8]

    Y=[y5,y6,y9,y8]

    plt.fill(X,Y,color="white")

    F(x1,y1,r/3)

    F(x2,y2,r/3)

    F(x3,y3,r/3)

    F(x4,y4,r/3)

    F(x6,y6,r/3)

    F(x7,y7,r/3)

    F(x8,y8,r/3)

    F(x9,y9,r/3)

#以下內容為主程式

(x1,y1,r)=(0,0,81)  #正方形左下的坐標與邊長

X=[x1,x1+r,x1+r,x1]

Y=[y1,y1,y1+r,y1+r]

plt.fill(X,Y,color="blue")

F(x1,y1,r)

plt.show()

(Sierpinski triangle)(謝爾賓斯基三角形)

 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(6,6),dpi=80)

def F(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3):  #定義遞迴程式

    if((x2-x1) <0.2) :return

    (x4,y4)=((x1+x2)/2,(y1+y2)/2)

    (x5,y5)=((x2+x3)/2,(y2+y3)/2)

    (x6,y6)=((x3+x1)/2,(y3+y1)/2)

    X=[x4,x5,x6]

    Y=[y4,y5,y6]

    plt.fill(X,Y,color="white")

    F(x1,y1,x4,y4,x6,y6)

    F(x4,y4,x2,y2,x5,y5)

    F(x6,y6,x5,y5,x3,y3)

#以下內容為主程式

(x1,y1)=(0,0)

(x2,y2)=(1,0)

(x3,y3)=(0.5,0.5*3**0.5)

X=[x1,x2,x3]

Y=[y1,y2,y3]

plt.fill(X,Y,color="green")

F(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3)

plt.show()

遞迴~(蕨葉)

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(5,5),dpi=80)

def F(x0,y0,r,a): #定義遞迴程式

    if r <1 :return

    x1=x0+0.04*r*np.cos(a)       ; y1=y0+0.04*r*np.sin(a)

    x2=x1+0.04*r*np.cos(a-pi/90) ; y2=y1+0.04*r*np.sin(a-pi/90)

    X=[x0,x1,x2]

    Y=[y0,y1,y2]

    plt.plot(X,Y,color="green",linewidth=2)   #畫圖

    F(x1,y1,0.3*r,a+pi*4/9)

    F(x2,y2,0.3*r,a-pi*41/90)

    F(x2,y2,0.9*r,a-pi/90)

#以下內容為主程式

pi=3.14159     #圓周率

(x0,y0,r,a)=(0,0,90,pi/2)  #(基準點之x,y坐標,長度,方向角)

F(0,0,90,pi/2)

plt.show()

# Making Waves 與波共舞 (python 程式碼)

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(9,12),dpi=80)

pi=3.14159 # 圓周率

x=np.linspace(0,6*pi,1001)

plt.subplot(4,1,1)    #作圖1

y1=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y1,color="blue",linewidth=2)

plt.subplot(4,1,2)    #作圖2

y2=np.sin(2*x)

plt.plot(x,y2,color="blue",linewidth=2)

plt.subplot(4,1,3)    #作圖3

y3=np.sin(3*x)

plt.plot(x,y3,color="blue",linewidth=2)

plt.subplot(4,1,4)    #作圖4 合成波

y4=30*y1-80*y2+60*y3

plt.plot(x,y4,color="red",linewidth=4)

plt.show()

#執行結果如下~

#sin與cos之疊合 ( python 程式碼 )

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(figsize=(9,3),dpi=80)

pi=3.14159  # 圓周率

(A,B)=(2,1) # 亦可自行修改

x=np.linspace(0,6*pi,1001) #(起點,終點,共幾個點包含端點)

y1=np.sin(x)

y2=np.cos(x)

y3=A*np.sin(x)+B*np.cos(x)

plt.plot(x,y1,color="blue",linewidth=2)

plt.plot(x,y2,color="green",linewidth=2)

plt.plot(x,y3,color="red",linewidth=4)

plt.show()

#執行結果如下~

#特殊函數~絕對值,正弦,餘弦,對數(python 程式碼)

import numpy as np

pi=3.14159 #圓周率

x1=-5

x2=60*pi/180

x3=30*pi/180

x4=0.001

y1=abs(x1)

y2=np.sin(x2)

y3=np.cos(x3)

y4=np.log10(x4)

print("第1個值=",y1)

print("第2個值=",y2)

print("第3個值=",y3)

print("第4個值=",y4)

# 作 y=A*sin(x)+B*cos(x)的函數圖形 (python 程式碼)

#題目：作 y=A*sin(x)+B*cos(x)的函數圖形

#Python 程式碼如下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

A=4.0
B= -3.0

# 產生x座標的資料，從 -2PI 到 2PI
X = np.linspace(-2*np.pi, 2*np.pi, 1000, endpoint=True)

# Y座標
Sin_y = np.sin(X)
Cos_y = np.cos(X)
Ans_y = A*Sin_y+B*Cos_y

plt.figure(figsize=(12,9),dpi=80)

ax = plt.gca()  # gca stands for 'get current axis'
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data',0))
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data',0))

plt.plot(X, Sin_y, color="red", linewidth=2.0, linestyle=":", label="y=sin(x)")
plt.plot(X, Cos_y, color="green", linewidth=2.0, linestyle=":", label="y=cos(x)")
plt.plot(X, Ans_y, color="blue", linewidth=2.0, linestyle="-", label="y=A*sin(x)+B*cos(x)")

# 設定 x 座標文字
plt.xticks([-2*np.pi, -3*np.pi/2,-np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi, 3*np.pi/2,2*np.pi],
          [r'$-2\pi$', r'$-3\pi/2$',r'$-\pi$', r'$-\pi/2$', r'$0$', r'$+\pi/2$', r'$+\pi$', r'$3\pi/2$',r'$2\pi$'])


plt.legend(loc='upper right')

plt.show()

# 輸出結果如下: